Bariatric Surgery: Preparations and Quality of Life Consequences

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a major threat to global health. When more conventional methods have failed, obesity can be addressed via bariatric surgery. Here we examine the reasons why patients choose bariatric surgery and the behavioral consequences thereafter. Methods: A qualitative study with a phenomenological design was used to analyze detailed interview responses from recipients of bariatric surgery. Results: Before surgery, (a) bariatric surgery was chosen for obvious reasons: patients had been overweight, had obesity-related health problems and had difficulties moving; (b) Information was obtained from medical practitioners and online discussion groups; (c) Fear, anxiety and apprehension were common. Friends and family were supportive and disapproving. After surgery: (1) many chronic health problems disappeared or eased significantly; (2) Subjects experienced difficulties adjusting with changed food tastes and small portions; (3) Physical activity increased; (4) Self-esteem increased but the worry of regaining the weight remained; (5) As before surgery, there were supportive and condemning attitudes by relatives, friends and society; (6) A desire for further nutritional and psychological counseling after surgery was indicated; (7) Relationships and quality of sex improved in most cases but not always. Single women, particularly, became more active in potential relationships. Discussion: With a few exceptions, our results agree with the literature, supporting the idea that bariatric surgery leads to extensive physical, psychological and social changes. Hence, patients ought to be better prepared for these changes and medical practitioners ought to be aware of the magnitude of the changes this surgery will bring about in their patients’ lives.