Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride Against Secondary Caries Development in Composite Resin Restorations Comparatively with Sodium Fluoride and Titanium Tetrafluoride by Micro Computed Tomography

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in preventing secondary caries formation by comparing it with other fluoride-containing remineralization agents such as sodium fluoride and titanium tetrafluoride in vitro. Material and Methods: Cavities of 4x2x2 mm were prepared on the mesial, distal, buccal and lingual surfaces of the extracted 12 intact human third molars. 38% silver diamine fluoride solution was applied to the first group, 2% NaF solution to the 2nd group, 2% TiF4 solution to the 3rd group and deionized water to the 4th group. After the solutions were applied, the cavities were restored with composite resin. Then, all samples were aged by thermal cycle method and sterilized by autoclave. The volume of the lesions formed by keeping the samples in 5% sucrose solution containing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus for 28 days was evaluated by micro computed tomography method. Data analysis of the study was performed using SPSS 21.0 V (IBM, Chicago, USA) statistical package program. Group results were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (p>0.05). Results: Although the secondary caries lesion volume was found to be lower in the silver diamine fluoride applied group compared to the other groups, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: These results show that the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride to prevent secondary caries formation in composite resin restorations should be investigated with longer-term studies.