Abstract
<i>Chenopodium ambrosioides</i> is widely used in traditional medicines to manage several health conditions. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the <i>n</i>-hexane fraction and the <i>in vitro</i> antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of <i>C. ambrosioides</i> L. The chemical composition was determined using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. <i>In vitro</i> evaluations were assessed by evaluating the inhibitory potentials on the activities of α-glucosidase and antioxidants. A total of 58 phytochemicals were identified belonging to 11 classes of substances, of which aliphatic hydrocarbons (38.25%), diterpenes (20.54%), esters (16.33%), triterpenes (11.91%), diverse functional groups (3.74%), aromatic hydrocarbons (2.64%), sesquiterpenes (2.31%), alcohols (1.41%), ketones (0.29%), monoterpenes (0.16%), and fatty acids (0.14%). The major compounds were heptacosane (30.48%) (<b>46</b>), phytol (20.94) (<b>35</b>), and squalene (11.07%) (<b>56</b>). The methanol extract and its fractions showed moderate α-glucosidase activity, but their IC<sub>50</sub> values were lower than the positive control 1-deoxynojirimycin. However, the methanol and methanol-water fractions exhibited more scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl with IC<sub>50</sub> values similar to butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). The plant is rich in various phytoconstituents, and its α-glucosidase and antioxidant status may justify its use in traditional medicine, especially for preventing complications of diabetes.