Both teacher and guide, or On the meaning of the word nastavnik (tutor) in the 18th century

Author:

Sokolov E. G.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute for Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract

In the article we make an attempt to describe one of the semantic aspects of the word nastavnik in the18th century Russian language. Using text sources we demonstrate that in the 18th century the word in question was till somehow related to the idea of a guide, pathfinder, fellow traveler, which had been characteristic of its earlier occurences. This fact is particularly well documented in religious writings as well as in translations and bilingual dictionaries. Nevertheless, secular non-lexicographic text monuments of the time also feature some of the examples in question. We also claim that the semantic structure of the corresponding article in the "Dictionary of the 18th century Russian language "should be revised in order to include the aforementioned component of meaning.

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Reference26 articles.

1. Archbishop Feofan (Prokopovich). A word about the peace that took place between the Russian Empire and the Swedish Crown. Feofan Prokopovich. Sochineniya / I. P. Eremina (red.) = Essays.I. P. Eremin (ed.). Moscow; Leningrad: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1961. 502 p. (In Russ.)

2. Birzhakova E. E. Russian lexicography of the 18th century. Saint Petersburg: Nestor-History, 2010. 211 p. (In Russ.)

3. Bowden T. Agricultural Instructor, or Brief English arable instruction In preparing the land in a new way for grain, in sowing, and fertilizing different grains in different ways, in correcting hay grasses, with a description of their various nutritional properties for livestock, in maintaining meadows and pastures according to the new use of arable land under the hay, with many of the accompanying inscribed tools and corrections, with which this entire book is filled, and published in English by Thomas Bowden, a famous farmer in the province of Kent, and translated into Russian And, moreover, from the best English writers on agriculture, multiplied and replenished by Professor Semyon Desnitsky. Moscow: University printing house at N. Novikov, 1780. 438 p. (In Russ.)

4. Papers of I. I. Shuvalov. Russkii arkhiv. Istoriko-literaturnyi sbornik. Vyp. 1–6. God 5 = Russian archive. Historical and literary collection. Vol. 1–6. Year 5. Moscow: Grachev i Co.Printing House, 1867. P. 65–98. (In Russ.)

5. Vinogradov V. V. Essays on the history of the Russian literary language of the 17th–19th centuries. 3rd ed. Moscow: The higher school, 1982. 528 p.(In Russ.)

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