Parametric modeling and experimental measurement of rolling shutter characteristics for optical camera communication using undersampled modulation

Abstract

The characteristics of a rolling shutter in a commonly used complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) camera are important for the demodulation of an undersampled OOK symbol in optical camera communication (OCC). Therefore, a parametric model is proposed to analytically characterize the rolling shutter transfer function that converts the intensity of the light source to the brightness of the output image using several parameters. To validate the model, an effective sampling technique was used to measure the rolling shutter effect using a low-frame-rate CMOS camera. The model and results provided insights into the threshold adaptation and error performance analysis of OCC using undersampled modulation.