Airborne single-photon LiDAR towards a small-sized and low-power payload

Author:

Hong Yu,Liu Shijie1,Li Zheng-PingORCID,Huang Xin,Jiang Pengyu,Xu Yang,Wu Cheng,Zhou Hao1,Zhang Yu-Chen1,Ren Hai-Lun2,Li Zhao-Hui2,Jia Jianjun12,Zhang Qiang,Li Chunlai12,Xu FeihuORCID,Wang Jian-Yu12,Pan Jian-Wei

Affiliation:

1. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

2. CAS Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics

Abstract

Single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has played an important role in areas ranging from target identification and 3D imaging to remote sensing. Its high sensitivity provides the feasibility of lightweight LiDAR systems for the resource-limited airborne and spaceborne platforms. Here, we design and demonstrate an airborne single-photon LiDAR towards the compact, small-sized, and low-power payload. To reduce the system size, we utilize small telescopes with an optical aperture of 47 mm and develop the sub-pixel scanning approach to enhance the imaging resolution. With the fine scanning mirrors, we validate the super-resolution ability in the ground experiment by surpassing the system’s resolution by 2.5 times and achieve high-resolution 3D imaging in the airborne experiment. To realize low-power LiDAR, we employ photon-efficient computational algorithms and high-quality single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays. This enables us to reconstruct images from noisy data even under challenging conditions of two signal photons per pixel. Using the airborne single-photon LiDAR system, we demonstrate 3D imaging during daytime over a large area for remote sensing applications and show the capability to reveal the detailed features of various landforms and objects.

Funder

Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology

Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Shanghai Science and Technology Development Funds

Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province

Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader

Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies

Chinese Academy of Sciences

New Cornerstone Science Foundation

Publisher

Optica Publishing Group

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