Photometric properties of piles of glass plates: retrospective

Abstract

Stacked glass plates have discreetly accompanied the understanding of light since the origins of modern optics. They were studied by Bouguer, Lambert, Brewster, Arago, Stokes, Rayleigh, and many others, whose successive works progressively refined the predictive formulas of the reflectance and transmittance of piles of glass plates as a function of the number of plates and the angle of incidence by considering the decay of light flux by absorption, the multiple reflections between plates, the change in the degrees of polarization, and the possible interferential effects. Through this history of ideas about the optical properties of piles of glass plates, up to the mathematical formalisms from only a few years ago, we show that these successive works, and their subsequent errors and corrections, are inseparable from the evolution of the quality of the glass available each time, in particular its absorptance and its transparency, which strongly influence the quantities and the degree of polarization of the reflected and transmitted beams.