Abstract
Keyhole dynamic evolution significantly affects laser welding quality.
For observing the keyhole’s dynamic behaviors directly, a sandwich
workpiece that consists of a piece of quartz glass and a piece
of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is used in experiments of this study, and
the dynamic behaviors of the keyhole are recorded with a high-speed
camera. The experimental results show that, in the first 5 ms
of welding, the depth and width of the keyhole increase linearly and,
at about 70 ms, a relatively stable keyhole is formed. A
keyhole typically exhibits the shape of a “7” character in a short
period after it forms. At this stage, the laser beam is reflected by
the wall of the keyhole repeatedly until it reaches the
bottom, which results in some tiny pore formations in the middle part
of the keyhole. In subsequent welding, the collapsing and rebuilding
process of the keyhole are observed, and big pores are formed at the
bottom of the keyhole. The results of this research are helpful to
understand the mechanism of the keyhole dynamic evolution and porosity
formation during titanium alloy laser welding.
Funder
Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai
Municipality