Ti3CN Mxene-microfiber integrated waveguide for high stability four-wave mixing effect generation

Abstract

The application of two-dimensional (2D) materials in third-order nonlinear optics and integrated waveguide technologies is further explored. Specifically, we synthesized Ti3CN MXene via acid etching and subsequently coated it onto highly nonlinear microfibers (HNLMF) using optical deposition techniques. This approach enabled the development of integrated waveguides that exhibit a robust nonlinear response. Our comprehensive analysis highlights the key attributes of Ti3CN, including its band structure and enhanced nonlinear optical properties, which contribute to significant improvements in all-optical wavelength conversion (AOWC). At an operational wavelength of 2.05 µm, the Ti3CN-HNLMF integrated waveguide through the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect demonstrated a conversion efficiency of -29.54 dB, with a wavelength separation of 14 nm and a minimal fluctuation in conversion efficiency (0.43 dB) sustained over 520 minutes. The findings from this study not only demonstrate a practical method for improving AOWC but also offer insights into the potential of MXenes in integrated waveguide technologies, thereby supporting the development of advanced nonlinear optical devices.