Quantum dots for photonic quantum information technology

Author:

Heindel TobiasORCID,Kim Je-Hyung1,Gregersen Niels2ORCID,Rastelli Armando3ORCID,Reitzenstein StephanORCID

Affiliation:

1. Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)

2. Technical University of Denmark

3. Johannes Kepler University Linz

Abstract

The generation, manipulation, storage, and detection of single photons play a central role in emerging photonic quantum information technology. Individual photons serve as flying qubits and transmit the relevant quantum information at high speed and with low losses, for example between individual nodes of quantum networks. Due to the laws of quantum mechanics, the associated quantum communication is fundamentally tap-proof, which explains the enormous interest in this modern information technology. On the other hand, stationary qubits or photonic states in quantum computers can potentially lead to enormous increases in performance through parallel data processing, to outperform classical computers in specific tasks when quantum advantage is achieved. In this review, we discuss in depth the great potential of semiconductor quantum dots in photonic quantum information technology. In this context, quantum dots form a key resource for the implementation of quantum communication networks and photonic quantum computers, because they can generate single photons on demand. Moreover, these solid-state quantum emitters are compatible with the mature semiconductor technology, so that they can be integrated comparatively easily into nanophotonic structures such as resonators and waveguide systems, which form the basis for quantum light sources and integrated photonic quantum circuits. After a thematic introduction, we present modern numerical methods and theoretical approaches to device design and the physical description of quantum dot devices. We then introduce modern methods and technical solutions for the epitaxial growth and for the deterministic nanoprocessing of quantum devices based on semiconductor quantum dots. Furthermore, we highlight the most promising device concepts for quantum light sources and photonic quantum circuits that include single quantum dots as active elements and discuss applications of these novel devices in photonic quantum information technology. We close with an overview of open issues and an outlook on future developments.

Funder

Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond

HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council

Salzburger Landesregierung

Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft

QuantERA

Horizon 2020 Framework Programme

Austrian Science Fund

Einstein Stiftung Berlin

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung

National Research Foundation of Korea

ITRC program supervised by the IITP

Publisher

Optica Publishing Group

Subject

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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