Characteristics of atmospheric temperature in the vicinity of the Hefei area based on Rayleigh lidar

Abstract

Temperature is an extremely important meteorological parameter in atmospheric research. Accurate measurements of it are of profound significance for studying global greenhouse effects, meteorological forecasting, and other related aspects. Processing and statistical analysis were conducted on the temperature data observed throughout 2021 by the self-developed L1000 Rayleigh lidar. Comparison analyses were subsequently carried out with data from the U.S. Standard Atmosphere Model and satellite observations, revealing good consistency in trend and magnitude between the lidar and both counterparts. Statistical analysis of the time–space evolution characteristics of the atmospheric temperature of the vicinity of the Hefei area was performed at night, in the month, and in the quarter. We found the monthly average atmospheric temperature exhibits a distinct altitudinal structure of time–space change, with the highest temperature being spatially located in the 48–51 km region and the temperature range being 240–272 K. Within the temperature rise range for 20–49 km, temperature profiles across different months also exhibit consistent trends. Temporally, temperatures are lowest in October and highest in August, gradually rising from March to August and declining from August to October, with a slight increase from October to November. Compared to monthly temperature profiles, seasonal temperature profiles exhibit stable variation trends, with the highest temperatures observed in the 49–50 km region, ranging from 251–270 K. Spring, autumn, and winter temperature profiles intertwine, while the summer temperature profile notably surpasses those of the other three seasons, demonstrating a distinct seasonal variation trend.