P T-symmetry breaking in dual-core phosphate-glass photonic crystal fibers

Author:

Longobucco Mattia123ORCID,The Tai Le Xuan4ORCID,Nguyen Viet Hung5ORCID,Cimek Jarosław1,Pałuba Bartosz2ORCID,Buczyński Ryszard12ORCID,Trippenbach Marek2

Affiliation:

1. Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics

2. University of Warsaw

3. Nanyang Technological University

4. Warsaw University of Technology

5. Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST)

Abstract

We investigate the properties of a soft glass dual-core photonic crystal fiber for application in multicore waveguiding with balanced gain and loss. Its base material is a phosphate glass in a P2O5-Al2O3-Yb2O3-BaO-ZnO-MgO-Na2O oxide system. The separated gain and loss cores are realized with two cores with ytterbium and copper doping of the base phosphate glass. The ytterbium-doped core supports a laser (gain) activity under excitation with a pump at 1000 nm wavelength, while the CuO-doped is responsible for strong attenuation at the same wavelength. We establish conditions for an exact balance between gain and loss and investigate pulse propagation by solving a system of coupled generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations. We predict two states of light under excitation with hyperbolic secant pulses centered at 1000 nm: 1) linear oscillation of the pulse energy between gain and loss core (PT-symmetry state), with strong power attenuation; 2) retention of the pulse in the excited gain core (broken PT-symmetry), with very modest attenuation. The optimal pulse energy levels were identified to be 100 pJ (first state) and 430 pJ (second state).

Funder

Ministry of Education and Training

Narodowe Centrum Nauki

Publisher

Optica Publishing Group

Subject

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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