Coherent transfer of the higher-order polarization state of photons to the spin structure state of electrons in a semiconductor

Abstract

Quantum state conversion from the higher-order polarization states of photons on a higher-order Poincaré sphere (HOPS) with spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) to an electron system in a semiconductor host is an interesting topic for high-density quantum media conversion with high degrees of freedom (DoFs). In this paper, we present the spatial spin structure states of electrons on a higher-order Bloch sphere, corresponding to HOPS states, using the similarity between the electron states on the Bloch sphere and the polarization states on the Poincaré sphere. Furthermore, the coherent transfer of the spatial structure of photon polarization to the spin structure state of electrons was demonstrated for the first time in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells using a V-shaped three-level system. The results provide insights into the simultaneous coherent transfer of SAM and OAM from the extended states of photon-to-electron systems, leading to the realization of the quantum state transfer of the high-dimensional entangled states of photons to electron spins with different DoFs.