Programmable optical switching integrated chip for 4-bit binary true/inverse/complement code conversions based on fluorinated photopolymers

Abstract

In this work, programmable optical switching integrated chips for 4-bit binary true/inverse/complement optical code conversions (OCCs) are proposed based on fluorinated photopolymers. Fluorinated bis-phenol-A novolac resin (FAR) with low absorption loss and fluorinated polyacrylate (FPA) with high thermal stability are self-synthesized as core and cladding layer, respectively. The basic architecture of operating unit for the photonic chip designed is composed of directional coupler Mach-Zehnder interferometer (DC-MZI) thermo-optic (TO) switching, X-junction, and Y-bunching waveguide structures. The waveguide module by cascading 16 operating units could realize OCCs function through optical transmission matrix. The response time of the 4-bit binary OCCs is measured as about 300 µs. The insertion loss and extinction ratio of the actual chip are obtained as about 10.5 dB and 15.2 dB, respectively. The electric driving power consumption for OCCs is less than 6 mW. The true/inverse/complement OCCs are achieved by the programmable modulation circuit. The proposed technique is suitable for achieving optical digital computing system with high-speed signal processing and low power consumption.