Affiliation:
1. Institute of Physics
2. Institute of Plasma Physics
3. Charles University in Prague
4. European XFEL GmbH
5. Colorado State University
Abstract
Materials exposed to ultrashort intense x-ray irradiation experience
various damaging conditions depending on the irradiation temperature.
A pre-heated target exposed to intense x-rays plays a crucial role in
numerous physical-technical systems, ranging from the heavily and
repeatedly radiation-loaded optics at x-ray free-electron laser
facilities to the inner-most wall of prospective inertial fusion
reactors. We study the temperature dependence of damage thresholds in
different classes of materials theoretically: an insulator (diamond),
a semiconductor (silicon), a metal (tungsten), and an organic polymer
(PMMA). The numerical techniques used here enable us to trace the
evolution of both the electronic state and the atomic dynamics of the
materials. It includes damage mechanisms such as thermal damage,
induced by an increased irradiation temperature due to energy transfer
from x-ray-excited electrons, and nonthermal phase transitions,
induced by rapid interatomic potential changes due to the excitation
of electrons. We demonstrate that in the pre-heated materials, the
thermal damage threshold tends to stay the same or lowers with the
increase of the irradiation temperature, whereas nonthermal damage
thresholds may be lowered or raised, depending on the particular
material and specifics of the damage kinetics.
Funder
Laserlab-Europe
Ministerstvo Školství,
Mládeže a Tělovýchovy
Grantová Agentura České
Republiky
Horizon 2020 Framework
Programme
Subject
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Cited by
1 articles.
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