Effect of mineral-vitamin premix on milk productivity and hematological blood parameters of cows

Abstract

The application of specialized premixes containing all the necessary elements for effective ration enrichment is the main direction of normalizing the mineral and vitamin nutrition of cows. The introduction of biologically active substances into animal diets in the form of premixes helps to increase the efficiency and productivity of the feed application. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of the mineral-vitamin premix Biomix on milk productivity and hematological blood parameters of cows. The experiment was carried out on Ukrainian Blackand-White Dairy cows. Two groups were formed for experiment; each group contains 10 heads. The animals of the experimental group were fed by premix Biomix at the rate of 50 g per 1 head per day as a part of the main diet. The control group was fed by the equivalent amount of monocalcium phosphate. The introduction of the Biomix premix into the diet of the research group made it possible to eliminate the deficiency of phosphorus, copper, zinc, cobalt, and iodine, and to bring the level of vitamin D3 to normal. Optimizing of the cows’ mineral and vitamin nutrition through the application of Biomix premix ensured the dairy productivity and the milk quality increase. The average daily milk yield of the experimental cows increased by 5.9 % for 90 experimental days. The fat and protein content increased by 0.05 and 0.07 %, respectively. Cows of the experimental group surpassed the control ones by 153.1 kg in gross milk yield, and by 1.71 kg in average daily yield in terms of 4 percent milk; it is 7.4 % relative to the control (P<0.05). The level of dry matter, calcium, phosphorus, and lactose have increased in milk; its total energy value has also increased. Feed consumption per 1 kg of milk decreased by 5.1 % and 5.4 % in terms of energy and digestible protein. Feeding Biomix premix did not have a negative effect on hematological changes in the body. Morphological and biochemical blood parameters of cows corresponded to physiological norms. An increase in total protein (Р≤0.95), hemoglobin (Р≤0.95), and creatinine (Р≤0.95) was noted. There was a tendency to increase the level of erythrocytes, glucose, urea, and calcium in the blood. Key words: cows, premix Biomix, vitamins, minerals, milk, fat, protein, blood, erythrocytes, hemoglobin.