Affiliation:
1. R U E "The Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Animal Husbandry", Zhodino, Belarus
2. Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, Vitebsk, Belarus
Abstract
The protein, vitamin and mineral supplements have been developed and it was studied the efficiency of feeding with them the young cattle in the composition of the grain production.
The scientific and farm experiment has been carried out during 62 days. The study was conducted in four groups of bulls with 12 heads in each. The initial live weight at the beginning of the study was about 300–310 kg.
Differences in feeding were in the fact that the grain forage for young animals of group I included PVMS No. 1, II – PVMS No. 2, III –PVMS No.3, IV – PVMS No 4. The grain feed is represented mainly by barley. The protein, vitamin and mineral supplement replenished 20 % of the deficient protein.
It was discovered that concentration of hydrogen ions was practically at the same level in the rumen contents of steers of different groups. As for level of ammonia, VFA, total nitrogen, ciliates in the young cattle of I, II and III groups, the differences were insignificant. The concentration of ammonia of group IVcompared to I, II and III group was higher by 15.58, 23.61 and 21.9 %, VFA – by 6.7, 19.4 and 11.1 %, total nitrogen – by 3.32, 31.44 and 24.03 %, ciliates – by 4.35, 14.29 and 9.09 %, respectively.
The research results showed that digestibility of protein, fiber and BEV was higher in the fourth group by 1–7 % compared with the rest groups (P>0.05).
A slight increase in nitrogen deposition was found in IV group of young animals (by 4.7–11.9 %) receiving PVMS with AFA as a source of protein. The use of calcium and phosphorus by animals was almost at the same level.
The research helped to determine that the average daily weight gain of animals of all the groups was within the range 629–710 g. The highest was in the fourth group consuming PVMS No. 4 with AFA as a protein component; the second place in terms is occupied by group I – 660 g, consuming PVMS No. 2, which included lupine, AFA and standard DKMK No. 1; PVMS No. 3 with depleted phosphate used as a source of phosphorus, took the last place in terms of this indicator – 629 g. Feed cost per 1 kg of weight gain was the lowest in IV group – 8.77 feed units, in I, II and III groups, it was higher by 8.32 %; 13.68 and 10.83 %, respectively.
The cost of sold products from one animal during experiment turned out to be higher for steers that received PVMS No. 4 as compared to I, II and III groups by 6.82, 11.36 and 9.1 %, respectively.
Keywords: feed additive, additives, steers, growth energy, digestibility, hematological parameters, live weight, productivity, cost price.
Publisher
The Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University
Reference29 articles.
1. Chulkov, A., Ganuschenko, O. (2014). «Razgon rubtsa» u telyat – fundament dlya realizatsii geneticheskogo potentsiala [“Scar overclocking” in calves is the foundation for realizing genetic potential]. Kombikorma [Feed]. no. 6, pp. 51–53.
2. Natyinchik, T.M. (2017). Primenenie sistemyi chistoy energii laktatsii dlya otsenki energeticheskoy pitatelnosti ob'emistyih kormov Biotehnologiya: dostizheniya i perspektivyi razvitiya: Sbornik materialov II mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [The use of the system of clean energy of lactation to assess the energy nutritional value of bulky feed Biotechnology: achievements and development prospects: a collection of materials of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference]. Polesskiy gosudarstvennyiy universitet [Polesye State University]. pp. 74–75.
3. Lemeshevskiy, V. O. (2017). Ispolzovanie sapropeley v kormlenii krupnogo rogatogo skota [The use of sapropel in feeding cattle]. Biotehnologiya: dostizheniya i perspektivyi razvitiya: Sbornik materialov II mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Biotechnology: achievements and prospects of development: a collection of materials of the II International Scientific Practical Conference]. Polesye State University. pp. 71–74.
4. Kovalevskaya, T. A. (2014). Proizvodstvo moloka pri privyaznom i besprivyaznom sposobah soderzhaniya doynogo stada [Milk production in tethered and loose housing methods for dairy herds]. Uchenyie zapiski UO «Vitebskaya ordena Znak pocheta gosudarstvennaya akademiya veterinarnoy meditsinyi» [Scientific notes of the EE "Vitebsk Order of Honor State Academy of Veterinary Medicine."]. Vitebsk, Vol. 50, no. 2–1, pp. 287–291.
5. Huuskonen, A., Lamminen, P., Joki-Tokola, E. (2009). The effect of concentrate level and concentrate composition on the performance of growing dairy heifers reared and finished for beef production. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica. Section A – Animal Science. Vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 220–229.