Anesthesia and intensive care for patients with COVID-19. Russian Federation of anesthesiologists and reanimatologists guidelines

Abstract

The article provides the main statements of the guidelines for the anesthesia and intensive care of patients with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), developed by the Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists of Russia. In the process of developing the recommendations, the publications of the official websites of the Russian Federation, the electronic databases of the RSCI, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were analyzed by the developers independently of each other. The date of the last search query was February 01, 2021. To develop the recommendations for the Guidelines, were used documents directly describing the features of the management of patients with NCI COVID-19 (guidelines - 34; randomized clinical trials and Cochrane Reviews - 13; observational and comparative studies - 107; other documents, notes and comments - 64), and documents describing anesthesia and intensive care in the general population of patients. Compared to the previous 4th version of the guidelines, the recommendations in 8 sections have been corrected; new subsections “Chronic kidney disease”, “Rehabilitation treatment of patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit”, “Routing of patients with COVID-19 to the stages of rehabilitation” were created; revised 1 Appendix, additionally developed 7 Appendices; the section “Quality criteria” has been supplemented. The provisions of the current version of the guidelines highlight the specifics of anesthesia, intensive care, rehabilitation, resuscitation measures, manipulation, transportation, prevention of the spread of COVID-19 in the implementation of these activities. Methods of protecting personnel from infection with COVID-19 during manipulations, anesthesia and intensive care are considered. The features of respiratory support, extracorporeal detoxification, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, thromboprophylaxis, drug interactions are described. The features of management of pregnant women, children of different age groups, patients with concomitant diseases, the principles of the formation of stocks of drugs and consumables are considered.