TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOSTS FROM LITTER MANURE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FARM

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to increase the efficiency of compost production from organic raw materials of agroecosystems through the development and implementation of scientifically based complex technical, technological solutions and economic assessments based on the results of production tests of technical means in real farming. The results of production tests of mechanized technology for processing litter chicken manure based on sunflower seed husks into high-quality environmentally friendly organic fertilizers-composts are considered. The research was carried out in the conditions of the farm with the provision of effective preparation of the mixture by mechanical complexes of machines and intensive aeration. Mechanized technology using the modernized PRT-10 is recommended for small farms with a compost preparation volume of up to 2-3 thousand tons per year and provides highly effective fertilizers for 45–60 days. The use of the AZK-2 aerator-mixer on raw materials with a density of more than 600 kg/m3 is necessary with aggregation with an MTZ-80 tractor equipped with a crawler, providing a working speed of 0.2 m/s. The capacity of the mixing aerator is 300-500 t/h. Two variants of technological maps have been developed for completing mechanized compost production technology with technical means. The first one is based on the use of the AZK-2 trailed aerator-mixer, and the second option is the modernized PRT-10 organic fertilizer spreader paired with the T-156K loader. The largest difference in technological indicators is observed in fuel consumption – almost 2.5 times in favor of using the trailed aerator-mixer AZK-2. The economic assessment of the planned processing of raw materials at 3000 tons shows that the unit costs for the production of compost in this case are 107.58 UAH/t as opposed to 176.28 UAH/t in the first version.