Analyzing the influence of the fire resistance of building structures on human safety in case of a fire

Abstract

Introduction. Methodological provisions must be developed to evaluate the impact of the fire resistance factor of building structures on human safety during evacuation and rescue with account taken of the composition andfunctional characteristics of other fire safety systems to formulate modern regulatory requirements for the fire resistance of building structures under fire conditions, develop science-based solutions for the fire safety of buildings and structures in case of forced deviations from the fire resistance requirements set in regulatory documents, and justify the construction of buildings and structures, based on modern structural systems, having non-standard fire resistance limits, etc.The purpose of the article is to develop general methodological provisions and mathematical relationships that allow evaluating the impact of the fire resistance limits of building structures both on safe evacuation and safe rescue from buildings.Methods. Analytical and mathematical methods are used to evaluate the combined effect of changes in the fire hazard arising along the evacuation routes, in a room with a person waiting to be rescued by fire departments, as well as along the routes taken by fire departments carrying this person out, in combination with the evaluated time span needed for the structure to lose its fire resistance. The value of this time span is used to identify the time available for the safe evacuation and rescue of people.Results. Theoretical provisions have been developed to take into account the influence of the fire resistance factor of building constructions on the safety of people in a building in case of a fire.Conclusions. The research findings were contributed to the general methodological provisions and mathematical relationships needed to determine the quantitative relationships between the extent of fire resistance of a building, fire resistance limits of building structures, the time of arrival of fire departments, types of fire alarm and evacuation control systems, and the possibility of safe evacuation and rescue of people from a building.