Interventions to Minimize the Risk of Metabolic Bone Disease of Prematurity among Neonates: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Premature newborns face significant risks of reduced bone mineral content ensuing osteopenia which are more likely to occur in high-risk newborns, particularly preterms who are on corticosteroids or diuretics for an extended period or have neuromuscular issues. The methodology prescribed by Arksey and O’Malley was followed. Database searches using PubMed, Scopus, and PEDro were performed for original research published in English between 2011 and 2022. Nine studies have shown that there are few papers on the role of physical therapy in preventing osteopenia of prematurity among newborns. The ability of a newborn to perform functionally is improved by early identification and exercise exposure. This scoping review aims to identify relevant and reliable studies that discuss the use of physical therapy to treat preterm newborns as this will decrease the chances of future complications among children.