Prevalence and Characteristics of Supernumerary Teeth in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Abstract Background: Supernumerary teeth are a dental anomaly that can impact oral health, yet their prevalence and characteristics in pediatric populations remain underexplored. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the occurrence and attributes of supernumerary teeth in children aged 4–14 years. Methods: Medical records including panoramic radiographs of 3127 pediatric patients were reviewed. Data included patient demographics and supernumerary tooth characteristics (number, location, eruption status, morphology, primary/permanent, sagittal position, and orientation) and were subjected to statistical analysis using Fisher’s exact and Chi-square tests (P < 0.05). Results: Among the 3127 patients, 87 (2.8%) showed supernumerary teeth, with a male predominance (56.3%). Supernumeraries were most common in the mixed dentition (58.6%), followed by permanent dentition (26.5%) and primary dentition (14.9%). The majority had a single supernumerary tooth (83.9%), resulting in a total of 101 supernumeraries. Conical supernumeraries were the most common (65.3%), followed by tuberculate (20.8%) and supplemental (13.9%) types. Palatal placement was predominant (78.2%), whereas 18.8% were on the alveolar arch, and 3% were labial. Most were normally oriented (78.2%), with 13.9% inverted and 7.9% angular. Eruption status indicated that 63.4% were erupted, whereas the rest were impacted. Conclusion: This retrospective study revealed a 2.8% prevalence of supernumerary teeth among pediatric patients, with a male predominance.