Effect of drinking water fluoride on gingivitis and caries: A study in peat and non-peat land: A comparative cross-sectional study

Author:

Rezki Sri12,Sunardi Sunardi2,Aripin Dudi3,Khayan Khayan4,Pawarti Pawarti2,Noeriman Aisya Rezki5

Affiliation:

1. Doctor Programme of Environmental Science, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia

2. Department of Dental Nursing, Pontianak Health Polytechnic, Pontianak, Indonesia

3. Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia

4. Department of Medical Laboratory, Banten Health Polytechnic, Serang, Indonesia

5. Department of Medical Science, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract Aim: Humans get fluoride from food and water available in their environment. The source of clean water in peatlands comes from rainwater with a low mineral content, especially fluoride. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between the fluoride level in drinking water and salivary fluoride levels, as well as their potential impact on dental and oral health conditions. Materials and Methods: It is a causal-comparative study with a cross-sectional approach at the Health Polytechnics of Pontianak and Yogyakarta. The population were indigenous people in peat land (Pontianak) and non-peat land (Yogyakarta). The data were pH and mineral content in drinking water, saliva, the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies, dental caries rates, and gingivitis. Results: Drinking water fluoride is only significantly correlated with salivary fluoride on non-peat land. If these data are combined, it can be seen that drinking water fluoride is positively correlated (P < 0.05; CI 95%) with pH water, fluoride water, and pH saliva. Increased levels of fluoride in drinking water were negatively correlated with gingivitis, dental caries, and S. mutans. Conclusion: Drinking water fluoride is negatively correlated with dental caries and gingivitis in peatland and non-peatland communities, but would be significantly associated with dental caries and gingivitis if both peatland and non-peatland data were analyzed together. This is due to the low content of fluoride in the drinking water of peatland. Therefore, it is necessary to add fluoride gel to the teeth to prevent the development of dental caries.

Publisher

Medknow

Subject

General Dentistry

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3. Gambaran Kadar Fluorida Dalam Air Minum Dan Skor Dmf-T Anak 12 Tahun Di Sungai Pedado Palembang (Picture of fluoride levels in drinking water and Dmf-T score for 12 year old in the river Pedado Palembang);Puspa Dewi;J Ris Kesehat,2019

4. Evaluation of Oral Health Status Based on the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index;Moradi;Iran J Public Health,2019

5. Evaluation of plaque index, gingival index and oral health-related quality of life in obese patients;Ayan;Odovtos,2023

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