Influence of climatic factors on the life stages of Aedes mosquitoes and vectorial transmission: A review

Abstract

Vector-borne diseases are rampant across the world. Studies have been conducted to assess the impact of climatic factors on the life stages of various mosquito species. In this study, the overall effect of climatic factors such as temperature and relative humidity on the life span, survivability, development, and vectorial capacity of Aedes mosquito species has been evaluated. A literature survey was done through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Shodhganga databases using the keywords’ “Aedes”, “temperature”, and “humidity”. The search output was analyzed in terms of the impact of environmental factors on the life stages of Aedes species and it was observed that both temperature and relative humidity act as significant indicators for dengue vector propagation and virus transmission. A total of 86 research papers were selected for inclusion, and the study is divided into five criteria: (i) egg eclosion, (ii) larval development, (iii) pupal development, (iv) adult survival, and (v) vector transmission. A 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was estimated using SPSS software. Literature mining results revealed the most optimal temperatures for egg eclosion, larval development, pupal development, adult survival, and vector transmission were 24.03±3.79, 24.81±3.23, 26.18±3.96, 26.55±2.71, and 29.78±2.77, respectively. The study finds a knowledge gap regarding the impacts of relative humidity on Aedes biology. The outcomes of this work will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the core behavioral patterns of Aedes mosquitoes under evolving climatic circumstances. Furthermore, these findings will play a pivotal role in shaping forthcoming strategies for mosquito control.