Integrating High-intensity Focused Ultrasound with Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Invasive Hydatidiform Mole in Reproductive-age Women

Abstract

Abstract Invasive hydatidiform mole, a form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasm in reproductive-age women, poses a significant threat to life due to its associated signs and symptoms. This case report details the management of a 24-year-old Chinese woman with no prior pregnancy history, who presented at our hospital 23 days postcurettage, experiencing persistent vaginal bleeding for 3 days. While two rounds of chemotherapy effectively reduced human chorionic gonadotropin levels, a subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed suspicious growth lesions in the uterus. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment was administered under ultrasound guidance, resulting in notable grayscale changes to optimize the efficacy of chemotherapy and restrict lesion progression. Subsequent ultrasound and MRI assessments during follow-up demonstrated a transparent texture in the muscle layer at the lesion site. This case suggests that the combination of chemotherapy and HIFU, guided by ultrasound, may represent a promising therapeutic approach for managing invasive hydatidiform mole.