Clinicopathological profile of the patients with lung cancer at a tertiary care institute from South India

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Lung cancer is one of the most aggressive and prevalent types of malignancy, causing high morbidity and mortality. Tobacco smoking continues to be the leading cause of lung cancer worldwide. An increasing incidence of lung cancer has been observed in India. The objective of this study is to find the demographic and clinicopathological profile of patients with lung cancer presented at our center over 2 years. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all the patients diagnosed with lung cancer presented to our institute between 2015 and 2017 was done. All the patients’ records were statistically analyzed for demographic features, smoking status, histopathological type, stage of the disease at presentation, and treatment modalities. RESULTS: A total of 218 diagnosed cases of lung cancer were included in the study. The majority (78%) were males, with 170 cases. The median age of diagnosis is 62 years. Smoking emerged as a prominent risk factor, with smokers comprising 33% of patients with lung cancer. Nonsmall-cell carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common histology and adenocarcinoma was detected among 50.5% of patients of NSCLC patients. Among all patients Stage IV accounting for the highest percentage. Bone and liver were the most common sites of distant metastasis. In terms of treatment patterns, the data indicated that 33.49% of cases received curative treatment, and 53.67% opted for palliative care. CONCLUSION: Adenocarcinoma was the most common NSCLC in our studied population where the majority of patients with lung cancer were nonsmokers. Stage IV presentation with bone metastasis was the most common clinical presentation.