A cross-sectional study on diabetes self-management practice and its association with glycemic control among type 2 Diabetes patients

Abstract

ABSTRACT Context: Diabetes has emerged as a major chronic public health problem throughout the world. Self-management by diabetes patients is very important for controlling blood sugar levels and preventing complications of diabetes. Aims: The present study was conducted to study self-management practices among diabetes patients and to analyse socio-demographic factors associated with them. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 230 randomly selected diabetes patients in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The self-management practices were measured by the diabetes self-management questionnaire (DSMQ). Statistical Analysis Used: The association of the DSMQ score with socio-demographic factors and blood sugar level was analysed by statistical tests like the T-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Tukey’s honestly significant difference, and Chi-square test. Results: The mean DSMQ score of the diabetes patients was 29.55 ± 5.98. There was a significant difference between the mean DSMQ score and the educational level (P value = 0.009), residential status (P value = 0.037), and duration of diabetes (P value = 0.006). The subcomponent analysis of the DSMQ score revealed that the glucose management score of rural people (9.38 ± 3.36) was significantly higher (P value = 0.006) than that of urban people (8.32 ± 2.46), and the diet control score was significantly higher (P value = 0.02) in patients with normal post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS) (7.64 ± 2.18) than in patients with raised PPBS (6.96 ± 2.12). Conclusions: Higher educational level, rural background, and long duration of diabetes were associated with better self-management practices. The patients with normal blood sugar levels showed higher diet control scores than the patients with raised blood sugar levels.