COVID-19 and tuberculosis coinfection: A case–control study from a tertiary care center in South India

Author:

Hazra Druti1,Siddalingaiah Nayana1,Gupta Nitin2,Chawla Kiran1,Prabhu A Ravindra3,Datta Divya3,Khader Nisha3,Swaminathan Shilna Muttickal3

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India

2. Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India

3. Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India

Abstract

Context: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB), are presently the major infectious diseases imposing a consequential public health threat and their coinfection has a significant impact on the outcome. Aims: To evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19-TB coinfected cases compared to solely COVID-19-infected cases. Settings and Design: A retrospective observational study was conducted between August 1, 2020, to February 28, 2022, at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, an equal number of gender-age-matched COVID-19 and TB coinfected patients and COVID-19 cases without TB were included using simple random sampling. Statistical Analysis Used: The data was analyzed using SPSS v 26. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test, and an independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was applied for the quantitative variables in the univariate analysis. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 27 patients were included in each group. Upper lobe involvement (44%) and pleural effusion (22%) were significantly more common in TB-COVID-19 cases when compared to the control group (7% and 4%, respectively; P < 0.05). Moreover, median levels of C-reactive protein and ferritin were significantly higher in TB-COVID-19 coinfection. Conclusions: Chest radiology and a higher level of certain biomarkers like C-reactive protein and ferritin can help to suspect TB in COVID-19 patients and vice-versa.

Publisher

Medknow

Subject

General Materials Science

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