Clinical feature of cystoid macular degeneration in central serous chorioretinopathy

Abstract

Purpose: Cystoid macular degeneration (CMD) is a feature of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Present study intended to analyze the clinical presentation, risk factors, choroidal features, and outcome of CMD in CSCR. Methods: This was a retrospective, record-based descriptive study, which included chronic CSCR eyes with CMD. Demographic profile and clinical history were obtained from medical records. Spectralis spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT; Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) was used for acquiring SDOCT images and for performing fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography. Results: The study included 101 eyes of 69 consecutive patients of CSCR having CMD. The mean age of patients was 56 ± 9.4 years (range 40–79 years), and majority (63, 91.3%) of the patients were male. Prior history of corticosteroid use was present in seven (10.1%) patients. Mean time interval between the first diagnosis of CSCR and appearance of CMD was 55.3 ± 33.9 months. CMD was located away from the fovea in majority of eyes (68, 67.3%). Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 396.71 ± 90.5 µm. Subretinal pigment epithelium choroidal neovascularization was noted in four (3.96%) eyes. Conclusion: CMD appears as a late complication of CSCR and is usually present away from the fovea. Such eyes had thickened choroid and fewer cases had associated choroidal neovascularization. Further comparative studies would be needed to validate these findings.