Interpersonal relationships, subjective health, psychological well-being, and quality of life among older adults in south India: Evidence from a population-based study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Subjective health and well-being are closely linked with quality of life (QoL) in older adults. Self-reported health, happiness, satisfaction with life and interpersonal relationships, social support, loneliness, and social isolation make robust indicators for the psychological well-being of older adults. This study aimed to explore subjective health, psychological well-being and associated factors, and their relationship with QoL in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, community-based survey that included adults aged 60 years and above (n = 260) who were living in selected communities. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on self-reported health, happiness, satisfaction with family and marital relationships, and felt loneliness and isolation. The relationship between psychological well-being and QoL was identified. Data analysis was carried out by descriptive and analytical statistical applications using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 at P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Study findings showed that a significant number of older adults (56%) reported poor general health; 56.4% of men and 59.2% of women were “not at all happy” with their family and interpersonal relationships, and 13.5% of respondents were not at all happy in general. Self-reported health (0.277**) and happiness (0.506**) were positively correlated with the psychological domain of QoL (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The study findings identified the interrelationship between changing family and social relationships and psychological well-being of older adults, which is an immediate public health concern. Inadequate social support and deficient quality of interpersonal relationships predispose loneliness and isolation in later life. Strategies to promote social support and age-friendly social and healthcare resources are urgent needs for healthy aging.