Effectiveness of selected interventions on quality of life and self-efficacy among elderly

Abstract

BACKGROUND: India is one of the world’s developing countries, and its population is ageing, that is, increasing, which increases the demand for health care. Ageing is a natural process. Quality of life (QoL) and self-efficacy are two of the most important factors in human development. This is a study to assess the effectiveness of selected interventions on QoL and self-efficacy among elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A community-based survey was used to select samples in a rural community. Data were collected between March 25 and April 23, 2022 using a quasi-experimental, one-group pre- and post-test research design. This survey was conducted among the elderly, of whom 60 were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Selected interventions were administered. The WHOQOL BREF (standardized tool) and GSE scales were used to assess the QoL and self-efficacy among the elderly. RESULTS: The study findings revealed that at the baseline level of QoL and self-efficacy, none of the subjects had good QoL and high self-efficacy, whereas after implementation of the selected interventions, the majority of the elderly had average QoL (98.3%) and 81.7% had high self-efficacy. The baseline mean score for QoL was 48.3% and that for self-efficacy was 61.3%, with post-test scores of 65.8% and 80.7%, respectively, and there was a statistical difference at P < 0.001. CONCLUSION: The study findings evidenced that selected interventions (education, reminiscence therapy, and demonstration of exercise) were effective in improving the QoL and self-efficacy among the elderly. Aged populations need to maintain their active, healthy, and happy living. Studies recommend these interventions are beneficial for elderly populations.