Affiliation:
1. Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3. Department of Public Health, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
4. Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
5. Department of Public Health, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran
Abstract
Objective:
To determine the global level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards dengue fever among the general population.
Methods:
To complete this systematic review and meta-analysis, a thorough search for pertinent English-language literature was undertaken during the study's extension until October 2023. The search used Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Web of Science, EMBASE, Springer, and ProQuest. A quality assessment checklist developed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for the cross-sectional study was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included papers. Inverse variance and Cochran Q statistics were employed in the STATA software version 14 to assess study heterogeneity. When there was heterogeneity, the Dersimonian and Liard random-effects models were used.
Results:
59 Studies totaling 87353 participants were included in this meta-analysis. These investigations included 86278 participants in 55 studies on knowledge, 20196 in 33 studies on attitudes, and 74881 in 29 studies on practices. The pooled estimates for sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and dengue fever preventive behaviors among the general population were determined as 40.1% (95% CI 33.8%-46.5%), 46.8% (95% CI 35.8%-58.9%), and 38.3% (95% CI 28.4%-48.2%), respectively. Europe exhibits the highest knowledge level at 63.5%, and Africa shows the lowest at 20.3%. Positive attitudes are most prevalent in the Eastern Mediterranean (54.1%) and Southeast Asia (53.6%), contrasting sharply with the Americas, where attitudes are notably lower at 9.05%. Regarding preventive behaviors, the Americas demonstrate a prevalence of 12.1%, Southeast Asia at 28.1%, Western Pacific at 49.6%, Eastern Mediterranean at 44.8%, and Africa at 47.4%.
Conclusions:
Regional disparities about the knowledge, attitude and preventive bahaviors are evident with Europe exhibiting the highest knowledge level while Africa has the lowest. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted public health interventions tailored to regional contexts, highlighting the need for region-specific strategies to enhance dengue-related knowledge and encourage positive attitudes and preventive behaviors.