Efficacy, Tolerability, and Superiority of Propylene Glycol-Free, North American Witch-Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana)-Based Solution of 5% Minoxidil Sulfate for the Treatment of Female Androgenetic Alopecia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Androgenetic alopecia leads to progressive hair loss in susceptible individuals if left untreated. Topical minoxidil represents an evidence-based treatment for female androgenetic alopecia, though with variable success. Aims and Objectives: Treatment of minoxidil non-responders remains challenging, as does treatment of patients with propylene glycol sensitivity or irritable scalp syndrome. Materials and Methods: Single-center, retrospective cohort of 50 female patients with androgenetic alopecia failing to respond to a minimum of 6 months of standard 5% topical minoxidil solution either once daily or b.i.d. depending on the severity of the alopecia. Patients were switched to propylene glycol-free, North American Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana)-based solution of 5% minoxidil sulfate (5% minoxidil sensitive solution). Efficacy and safety of treatment were evaluated, including stereotactic global photography and epiluminiscence microscopy with digital imaging taken at baseline, at 3, and at 6 months of treatment. Results: 70% of patients showed observable clinical improvement with combined global photographic and epiluminiscence microscopic assessment with digital imaging, and 22% epiluminiscence microscopic-only improvement as evidence of treatment efficacy. The treatment was well tolerated, particularly in patients with propylene glycol sensitivity and patients with irritable scalp syndrome. Conclusions: These results suggest that propylene glycol-free, North American witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana)-based solution of 5% minoxidil is effective and safe for treatment of female androgenetic alopecia, specifically in minoxidil non-responders and patients with propylene glycol sensitivity or irritable scalp syndrome.