Clinical Effectiveness of Immediate Implant Placement along with Demineralized Freeze-dried Bone Allograft – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

The field of dental implantology constantly pursues materials and methods to enhance the success of implant procedures. Among these, demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) has been extensively utilized. However, its outcomes vary depending on the implant type and clinical protocol used. In this regard, this study aimed to collectively assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of DFDBA in dental implant procedures across different studies. A comprehensive search was conducted across eight different online databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Appropriate Medical Subject Headings words and Boolean operators were used. Two reviewers extracted the data based on preset criteria. The risk of bias-2 (ROB-2) tool was utilized for the assessment of ROB. Quantitative analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software employing a random effect model to accommodate heterogeneity. Clinical findings across the four studies selected for the review revealed a consistent pattern of stable or improved peri-implant health and reduced postoperative pain. Associated assessments indicated active bone remodeling, successful osseointegration, and implant stability over time. However, the outcomes were influenced by various factors, including the clinical protocol used, the type of implant, and the specific assessment measures employed. Statistical results showed a notable increase in bone height in the mesial side during the follow-up period with a mean difference of 0.60 (95% confidence interval: 0.27–0.94) significant at P = 0.004. All the studies were of good quality as assessed by ROB-2. The collective evidence supports the effective use of DFDBA in maintaining peri-implant health, managing postoperative discomfort, and promoting bone remodeling and implant stability. Still, the variability of outcomes underscores the importance of individualized patient assessment and treatment planning in dental implant procedures.