Late Presentation of a Primary Spinal Epidural Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Abstract

Primary spinal epidural lymphomas (PSELs) constitute a unique subset of epidural tumors characterized by the exclusive presence of lymphoma within the epidural space at initial presentation, with no concurrent lymphoma in other sites. We aim to present a unique of PSEL and compare it with the present literature This case report presents a 65-year-old female with delayed-onset primary spinal epidural non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The patient exhibited paraplegia and walking difficulties, following a year of lower-extremity weakness and tingling sensations. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass in the L1 through L3. Surgical decompression, stabilization, and tumor resection were performed. Microscopic examination confirmed NHL. Chemotherapy with the CHOP regimen was administered postsurgery. Subsequent follow-up revealed motoric and sensory improvements. PSEL primarily affects the thoracic spine and is more common in males. Patient age and gender impact prognosis. PSEL typically exhibits two phases – prodromal and rapid neurological deterioration. Surgical intervention coupled with chemotherapy is recommended, but the optimal surgical approach varies. Combined therapy could lead to improved disease-free survival. Cases of PSEL have shown potential for local and systemic relapse. Late presentation can still yield improvements with surgical and prompt chemotherapeutic intervention. Even without a prior history of malignancy or significant disease, PSEL should still be considered in patients presenting with spinal compression symptoms. Cases of delayed presentation, like the one presented here, can still benefit from surgical and prompt chemotherapeutic intervention.