Comparative study between lidocaine, magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine in alleviation of pain induced by intravenous injection of propofol

Abstract

Background Propofol is the most widely used intravenous anaesthetic agent for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Pain on injection of propofol is a common problem. Propofol injection pain, despite various interventions, still occurs during the anaesthesia induction and causes intense discomfort and anxiety in patients. Objective Compare the efficacy of lidocaine, magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine drugs in reduction of pain of propofol. Also, study the effects of these drugs on cardiovascular system. Subjective This prospective controlled randomized double-blind study was carried out on 90 adult patients ASA status I or II, haemodynemically stable and Scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia by propofol intravenous induction. Results The pain level during administration showed a significant decrease in group D (dexmedetomidine) less than both group L and M and there was no significant effect of the three drugs on haemodynamic parameters. Conclusions Dexmedetomidine is an effective and safe way to reduce the intensity and incidence of propofol injection pain. Magnesium and lidocaine pretreatment are equally effective in attenuating propofol-induced pain with some priority of magnesium sulphate more than lidocaine. There were no significant effects of the drugs on haemodynamics parameters