Affiliation:
1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction:
Gastric cancer, also called stomach cancer, is one of the most fatal cancers with widespread global prevalence, despite declining incidences and mortality rates in the past decade. The data for the study are gathered from the Saudi Cancer Registry, created and maintained by the National Health Information Center, used to undertake the observational analysis on the epidemiological status of gastric cancer prevalence, a cohort-based epidemiological research on stomach cancer. The study examined the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and crude incidence rates (CIRs) of stomach cancer as per the different anthropometric parameters, such as age group, diagnostic year, and administrative districts, among Saudi inhabitants to analyze the gastric cancer prevalence, distribution, and trends. The study highlights consumption of high salt, high red meat, and highly processed food as some of the major causes of stomach cancer prevalence in Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods:
The data were analyzed using SPSS version 2.0 and GraphPad Prism software, which included the Kruskal–Wallis, sex ratio, t-test, and detailed statistics information. Saudi documented 1972 and 1296 instances of stomach cancer in both sexes, respectively, between 2006 and 2016.
Results:
The highest mean numbers and percentage of gastric cancer cases were found among men and women over 75 years old, meanwhile men and women aged between 0 and 19 years showed lowest percentage of gastric cancer cases. The greatest mean CIR (2.4) was found in males in Asir, followed by Najran and Makkah (2.1). CIRs of stomach cancer cases in Saudi women decreased somewhat. The highest CIR was 1.5 in 2007, followed by 1.4 in 2011 and 2014, respectively. The highest mean ASIR was observed among both sexes in the Najran and Northern regions. Males and females in Asir and Riyadh, respectively, had the highest mean CIR.
Conclusion:
In the present study, Saudi males had a modest increase in CIRs and a drop in ASIRs of gastric cancer in males and females, whereas females had a slight decrease in CIRs. Between 2006 and 2016, the mean ASIR in males and females in Riyadh and the Northern area was the highest.