Affiliation:
1. Department of Radiodiagnosis, Rama Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
2. Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, affecting both pulmonary and extrapulmonary systems. While musculoskeletal TB represents a small portion of cases (1%–3%), it remains particularly problematic in developing regions like Asia and Africa. Tuberculous spondylitis, affecting the vertebral column, comprises about half of all musculoskeletal TB cases. Although large joint involvement and para-articular regions are common, isolated soft tissue TB is rare. The introduction of advanced imaging techniques, with magnetic resonance imaging as the preferred method, has revolutionized the diagnosis of musculoskeletal TB. Early detection of bone and joint TB is vital for optimizing treatment outcomes and reducing the risk of complications, including deformities. This review article consolidates clinical and radiological insights into extraspinal osteoarticular TB, stressing the importance of heightened awareness among radiologists and clinicians. It underscores the role of advanced imaging in ensuring accurate diagnoses, particularly in regions with high TB prevalence, and in initiating timely and effective patient management to prevent complications.