Spectrum of non-neoplastic skin diseases: a histopathology-based clinicopathological correlation study

Abstract

Abstract Background: Non-neoplastic skin diseases encompass a wide array of pathologies ranging from autoimmune to infectious to diseases of unknown etiology. Clinical and microscopic examinations are the two most critical diagnostic modalities for managing skin disorders. The aim was to study the correlation between clinical and histopathological appearances of non-neoplastic skin lesions. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Three hundred punch biopsies from the skin were studied for 3 years, from January 2014 to January 2017. The patient’s clinical details, including age and sex, along with other relevant findings, were taken from the requisition forms received. Results: Maximum cases were of infectious diseases 128 cases (43%), followed by non-infectious inflammatory diseases 92 cases (31%), vesico-bullous disorders 34 cases (11%), vascular diseases 14 cases (5%), connective tissue diseases 13 cases (4%), 6 cases (2%) each of pigmented lesions, congenital disorders, and miscellaneous. Male preponderance was seen with 177 cases (59%), with the male-to-female ratio being 1.43:1. The most typical affected age group was 21–40 years. Our study’s most common clinical presentation was plaque 122 (40.7%), followed by clinicopathological concordance in 218 cases (72.6%). Conclusion: Histopathological examination is essential for confirming numerous non-neoplastic skin diseases, along with comprehensive clinical history and the use of specific stains, which helped validate the diagnosis.