Prevalence of Depression and Depressive Symptoms among Patients Using Beta-Blockers in King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Author:

Al-Jaffer Mohammed A.,Al-Shaqrawi Ibrahim Bader,Al-Omar Omar H.,Al-Jammaz Abdullah A.,Al-Ghanim Meshaal K.,Al-Saif Albaraa M.,Al-Shunayf Mohammed N.

Abstract

Background: The relationship between depression and beta-blockers (BBs) use is a controversial topic for many decades. Due to the interference with adrenergic and serotonin receptors, BB use has been linked to depression in many early cross-sectional and case studies. Others have investigated the indirect relationship between BB use and novice antidepressant use. However, larger trials have yielded inconsistent findings. The objective of this study is to identify the presence of depression and depressive symptoms among patients using BBs in the internal medicine, cardiology, and psychiatry Departments in King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) and to measure its prevalence. Research Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study included patients visiting Internal Medicine, Cardiology, and Psychiatry clinics at the KKUH in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who is known using BBs for any indication and excluded patients previously diagnosed with depression before taking BBs. This study was carried out from December 2018 to October 2019. Either physically or over the phone, patients were requested to complete the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 questionnaire. Drug names and pictures were provided for ease of drug identification. The sample size was 291, with a confidence interval of 95% and 5% margin of error. Written consent was acquired from all participants. Results: Two hundred and ninety-one surveys were collected, among 151 (52%) were females and 140 (48%) were males. Females were more likely to report depressive symptoms and had higher scores of symptom severity on average (P < 0.016). Only 17 patients (5.8%) were found to report no depressive symptoms, while most patients reported mild depressive symptoms (35%). We have not found a statistically significant relationship between BB type and the magnitude of depressive symptoms severity. Conclusions: Although the usage of BBs and the prevalence of depressive symptoms were not directly correlated in our study, compared to the local prevalence, our patients demonstrated a higher prevalence trend of depressed symptoms. In addition, our observations did reveal fascinating information on the gender disparity in depression.

Publisher

Medknow

Reference36 articles.

1. Prevalence of mental illness among Saudi adult primary-care patients in central Saudi Arabia;Al-Khathami;Saudi Med J,2002

2. Screening for somatization and depression in Saudi Arabia: A validation study of the PHQ in primary care;Becker;Int J Psychiatry Med,2002

3. Detection of somatization and depression in primary care in Saudi Arabia;Becker;Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,2004

4. Adult depression screening in Saudi primary care: Prevalence, instrument and cost;Al-Qadhi;BMC Psychiatry,2014

5. Depression and related risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Jazan area, KSA: A cross-sectional study;Albasheer;Diabetes Metab Syndr,2018

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3