Frequency of Transcription Factor 7-like 2 rs12255372 Mutation among Bangladeshi Adult Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

Background: While the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex, genetic markers for T2DM are surfacing fast, and amidst such markers, the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene has been emerged as the most promising T2DM-causing gene. The intronic variant rs12255372 of the TCF7L2 gene has been found to be strongly associated with T2DM in different ethnic populations. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of rs12255372 polymorphism in the TCF7L2 gene in Bangladeshi adult population with T2DM. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Eighty T2DM patients were recruited consecutively by nonrandom sampling, who signed the informed consent, history, and clinical features including height, weight, and waist circumferences were recorded. Blood samples were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted and single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs12255372 (G>T) were determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Statistical Analysis: RFLP results were analyzed by the gel electrophoresis to get the frequency of rs12255372 polymorphism. The independent segregation of alleles was tested for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium using the Chi-square test of goodness of fit. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The minor (T) allele frequencies (MAF) for rs12255372 (G>T) among T2DM was 28%. The observed genotype frequencies of rs12255372 (G>T) were different than those expected from the Hardy–Weinberg equation. Conclusion: The minor T allele frequency of rs12255372 (G>T) among T2DM participants was about one-fourth.