Spinal dysraphism illustrated; Embroyology revisited

Author:

Acharya Ullas V1,Pendharkar Hima2,Varma Dandu R3,Pruthi Nupur4,Varadarajan Shriram5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Radiology, Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

2. Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

3. Citi Neuro Centre, Mediciti Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

4. Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

5. Department of Radiology, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

Abstract

AbstractSpinal cord development occurs through three consecutive periods of gastrulation, primary nerulation and secondary neurulation. Aberration in these stages causes abnormalities of the spine and spinal cord, collectively referred as spinal dysraphism. They can be broadly classified as anomalies of gastrulation (disorders of notochord formation and of integration); anomalies of primary neurulation (premature dysjunction and nondysjunction); combined anomalies of gastrulation and primary neurulation and anomalies of secondary neurulation. Correlation with clinical and embryological data and common imaging findings provides an organized approach in their diagnosis.

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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