Comparative Assessment of Periodontal Status in Subjects with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Correlation with Body Mass Index: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Abstract New avenues for research have opened, which assess the influence of systemic disease on periodontium and vice versa. To find the correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontium by assessing clinical parameters [plaque index (PI), probing depth, periodontal disease index (PDI)] and the anthropological parameter [body mass index (BMI)] and to find the correlation between body mass index and periodontal disease index in subjects with and without PCOS. Sixty females comprising 30 with PCOS and 30 without PCOS were selected. Clinical, anthropological, and radiological assessment was done. Double blinding was incorporated. There was a statistically highly significant difference in mean age, mean PI, and mean PDI (P < 0.001) in PCOS group when compared to those without PCOS group by unpaired t-test for inter-group analysis. A statistically significant difference was found in mean probing depth and mean BMI (P < 0.05) in PCOS group when compared to those without PCOS group by unpaired t-test for inter-group analysis. No statistically significant correlation was found between mean PDI and mean BMI in PCOS and non-PCOS group subjects using Spearman’s rank correlation. Women suffering from PCOS may be at a heightened risk for developing periodontal disease as our study re-establishes this association with respect to some periodontal parameters. With such a result, general practitioners/gynecologists can be encouraged to refer cases of PCOS to periodontists for early detection, prevention of periodontal disease, and maintenance of periodontal health.