Prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder among patients attending medicine outpatient department in a tertiary care center: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Generalized anxiety disorder is commonly underdiagnosed and undertreated in medical settings. Aim: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and correlates of generalized anxiety disorder among patients presenting to medicine outpatient department in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among the patients visiting the outpatient department of General Medicine in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Sociodemographic and clinical parameters were collected using a structured pro forma. All patients were administered Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) to screen for the presence of generalized anxiety disorder. Patients who score 10 or more underwent a semi-structured evaluation using a generalized anxiety disorder module of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders. Results: Two hundred and fifty patients were recruited for the study. The mean age of the participants was 40.66 ± 12.8 years. More than one-fourth of them had diabetes mellitus and about one-fifth of the participants had systemic hypertension and hypothyroidism. Thirty five (14%) participants screened positive on GAD-7 scale. On detailed evaluation using SCID-I, 19 (7.6%) participants were confirmed to have a generalized anxiety disorder. Female gender was associated with the presence of GAD. Conclusion: One in thirteen patients presenting to the medicine outpatient department were found to have generalized anxiety disorder. Female patients had a greater prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder compared to male patients.