Resistance pattern observed in community-acquired urinary tract infection in children from a tertiary care hospital situated in a tribal district of eastern India

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI) is mostly treated empirically. There are limited studies on pediatric UTIs, their microbiological profile, and resistance patterns. Antimicrobial resistance and even multidrug resistance are on the rise among uropathogens in the pediatric population and may lead to complications in the long run. This study was done to know the microbiological profile and the resistance pattern of CA-UTI in the pediatric population of a tertiary care hospital in a tribal district of northern Odisha among children aged 5–14 years. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was done from January 2021 to June 2021. All cases aged between 5 and 14 years attending the pediatrics outpatient department suspected of UTI were included. Descriptive statistical analysis and regression analysis were done using the statistical software Stata SE 13. Results: Out of the total 311 cases, vomiting and pain in the abdomen were the most common clinical presentations. Significant bacterial growth was isolated in 74 samples. Escherichia coli (39.2%) was the predominant isolate. Resistance to cefotaxime (38.2%) and ciprofloxacin (36.4%) is highest and seen in both gram-positive and negative bacteria. Multidrug resistance was detected in 33.7% of the bacterial isolates. Conclusion: The present study highlights the problem of the rising resistance pattern of common bacterial pathogens causing CA-UTI in children. Further studies on genotypic resistance and appropriate measures are required to prevent the rapidly spreading resistance among these common uropathogens.