Study of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory states in myelodysplastic syndrome patients

Abstract

Abstract Background The myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are a group of clonal bone marrow neoplasms characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, manifested by morphologic dysplasia in hematopoietic cells and by peripheral cytopenia(s) although previous studies have shown cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities, the underlying defect in the molecular pathway for inflammation milieu, extensive apoptosis, and dysplasia observed in the disease is yet to be studied. Aim of the work The aim of this study was to show the proinflammatory [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/anti-inflammatory [interleukin-10 (IL-10)] balance in different subclassifications of MDS. Patients and methods From September 2017 through September 2018, serum levels were measured in 49 patients for TNF-α, IL-10 in patients diagnosed as having MDS. Also, these inflammatory cytokines had been measured in 46 apparently healthy participants as matched controls for the study. The diagnosis of MDS was confirmed by a hematopathologist after review of bone marrow aspiration and/or peripheral blood samples. Conventional cytogenetic studies were performed on bone marrow aspirate material using standard G-banding techniques. These patients were then subclassified according to the revised 2016 WHO classification for MDS. Results There is a statically significant difference between MDS patients and control group according to the results of serum level of TNF-α and IL-10. They were higher in MDS patients. Also, there was a statically significant difference between the subclassified groups of MDS patients according the results of serum level of TNF-α and IL-10. TNF-α was higher in MDS with multilineage dysplasia and MDS unclassifiable than the others. Also, IL-10 was higher in MDS with excess blasts 1 and MDS with excess blasts 2 than the others. Conclusion TNF-α and IL-10 are increased in MDS patients indicating an inflammatory disturbance. TNF-α and IL-10 serum level are inversely related to each other in the different subclasses of MDS.