Exploring the perception of dietary supplement intake amongst gym users in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Abstract

Background: Gym users are one of the populations who frequently consume dietary supplements. Nevertheless, data investigating the perspective of gym users regarding dietary supplement intake are still lacking. Our qualitative study aims to acquire insights into the perceptions of gym users regarding dietary supplement consumption. Methods: A total of 10 gym users who have a membership and are actively training at the gymnasium were recruited from Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In-depth interview was conducted, and all responses were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analysed using the NVivo version 12 software. Results: All participants consume dietary supplements almost every day, with most of them taking at least three supplements a day. Five themes emerged from these interviews: (1) gym and the use of dietary supplements, (2) reasons for supplement intake, (3) source of information, (4) supplement perceptions and beliefs and (5) health screening experience. Half of the participants did not consult with any nutritionist or dietitian before taking dietary supplements. The reasons for consuming supplements are to improve muscle mass, enhance performance, maintain overall health, fasten recovery time and prepare for competition. Our findings suggest that participants perceived supplements to be beneficial and exceeded the potential adverse effects. Conclusions: Lack of awareness amongst the recruited gym users in Klang Valley, Malaysia, regarding the potential risk of side effects suggests that there is a need to provide correct information about the benefits and risks of using dietary supplements.