Prevalence of co-morbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: The coexistence of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) poses a complex and challenging clinical scenario, commonly referred to as comorbid insomnia and OSA (COMISA). The bidirectional relationship between these two sleep disorders is explored, illuminating how the presence of one can exacerbate the severity and manifestations of the other. We under took this study to understand the prevalence of COMISA in Indians which is never studied. Aim: To study the prevalence of COMISA in tertiary hospital in India. Methods: All OSA patients diagnosed with polysomnography were interviewed with insomnia severity index. Patients having score of more than 15 were considered to have insomnia. Demographic factors, clinical and physical examination and polysomnography values were noted. Results: 25% of 64 patients were diagnosed to have COMISA. Female gender, BMI, and STOP BANG score had positive association with COMISA, whereas age was not associated with increased risk. Conclusion: COMISA can be more complex to diagnose and manage than insomnia or OSA alone. The symptoms and mechanisms of each condition have synergistic effect and is a barrier to treating COMISA.