A Case of Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma with Multifocal Pyomyositis Following Chemotherapy

Abstract

AbstractPyomyositis is extremely rare after chemotherapy for nonhematological malignancies. We report a patient of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, who developed multifocal pyomyositis in bilateral lower limbs after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with vincristine, ifosfamide, mesna, and etoposide. The diagnosis of pyomyositis was reached after ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of bilateral lower limbs. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus were isolated from pus. This patient was treated with 4 weeks of antibiotics, besides ultrasound-guided pus aspiration and open surgical debridement. To the best of our knowledge, no case of rhabdomyosarcoma with pyomyositis following chemotherapy has been reported so far.