Nonpharmacological pain management practices among nurses working in multiple centers in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence, and determinants, of nonpharmacological pain management practices among nurses in multiple settings. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional examination was conducted involving 324 nurses from 16 hospitals in Hai’l, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed a self-reported survey utilizing established tools to assess the frequency of nonpharmacological pain management interventions utilization and identify associated barriers. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.0. Results: Nonpharmacological pain management practices were found to be utilized “sometimes,” with a score of 2.89 ± 0.48. Commonly employed techniques included placing patients in comfortable positions and providing a tranquil environment. Gender was the sole demographic factor significantly affecting the use of these techniques (P < 0.001), with female nurses demonstrating higher utilization. Barriers to implementation varied based on the hours of recent pain management education (P = 0.004), with prevalent barriers including nurse shortages, multiple responsibilities, heavy workloads, and nurse fatigue. Conclusion: The study reveals moderate utilization of nonpharmacological pain management approaches, primarily focusing on patient positioning and creating a calm environment. Female nurses exhibited higher adoption rates of these techniques. Barriers to implementation, such as nurse shortages and heavy workloads, were influenced by recent pain management education. Consequently, enhancing education and fostering supportive work environments are crucial for surmounting these barriers and promoting pain management awareness among nurses.